pylops.SecondDerivative#

class pylops.SecondDerivative(dims, axis=-1, sampling=1.0, kind='centered', edge=False, dtype='float64', name='S')[source]#

Second derivative.

Apply a second derivative using a three-point stencil finite-difference approximation along axis.

Parameters
dimslist or int

Number of samples for each dimension (None if only one dimension is available)

axisint, optional

New in version 2.0.0.

Axis along which derivative is applied.

samplingfloat, optional

Sampling step \(\Delta x\).

kindstr, optional

Derivative kind (forward, centered, or backward).

edgebool, optional

Use shifted derivatives at edges (True) or ignore them (False). This is currently only available

for centered derivative

dtypestr, optional

Type of elements in input array.

namestr, optional

New in version 2.0.0.

Name of operator (to be used by pylops.utils.describe.describe)

Notes

The SecondDerivative operator applies a second derivative to any chosen direction of a multi-dimensional array.

For simplicity, given a one dimensional array, the second-order centered first derivative is:

\[y[i] = (x[i+1] - 2x[i] + x[i-1]) / \Delta x^2\]

while the second-order forward stencil is:

\[y[i] = (x[i+2] - 2x[i+1] + x[i]) / \Delta x^2\]

and the second-order backward stencil is:

\[y[i] = (x[i] - 2x[i-1] + x[i-2]) / \Delta x^2\]
Attributes
shapetuple

Operator shape

explicitbool

Operator contains a matrix that can be solved explicitly (True) or not (False)

Methods

__init__(dims[, axis, sampling, kind, edge, ...])

adjoint()

apply_columns(cols)

Apply subset of columns of operator

cond([uselobpcg])

Condition number of linear operator.

conj()

Complex conjugate operator

div(y[, niter, densesolver])

Solve the linear problem \(\mathbf{y}=\mathbf{A}\mathbf{x}\).

dot(x)

Matrix-matrix or matrix-vector multiplication.

eigs([neigs, symmetric, niter, uselobpcg])

Most significant eigenvalues of linear operator.

matmat(X)

Matrix-matrix multiplication.

matvec(x)

Matrix-vector multiplication.

reset_count()

Reset counters

rmatmat(X)

Matrix-matrix multiplication.

rmatvec(x)

Adjoint matrix-vector multiplication.

todense([backend])

Return dense matrix.

toimag([forw, adj])

Imag operator

toreal([forw, adj])

Real operator

tosparse()

Return sparse matrix.

trace([neval, method, backend])

Trace of linear operator.

transpose()

Examples using pylops.SecondDerivative#

Causal Integration

Causal Integration

Derivatives

Derivatives

Operators concatenation

Operators concatenation

Total Variation (TV) Regularization

Total Variation (TV) Regularization

Wavelet estimation

Wavelet estimation

03. Solvers

03. Solvers

12. Seismic regularization

12. Seismic regularization